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NO. 021

NVIDIA 45°C 液冷让数据中心趋近零耗水

#ARTICLE HackerNews 2026.06.25
推荐指数 44.0 NO. 021 · 2026.06.25
发布2026/06/24Score50Comments39

NVIDIA Rubin 代 AI 基础设施实现 100% 液冷,冷却液温度上限提至 45°C,系统完全取消风扇。这意味着数据中心可大幅削减甚至消除水冷塔蒸发耗水,对缺水地区建算力中心是质变。

传统数据中心 PUE 瓶颈卡在散热,液冷 45°C 这个温度点选得很精——刚好高于常温冷却水,意味着全年大部分时间可直接用干式冷却器散热,跳过蒸发环节。这对中东、中国西部等缺水但光照足的地区是双重利好,光伏+干冷器+高密度算力的组合变得可行。

对 AI 工程师的实际影响:如果你负责算力采购或机房选址,Rubin 代的 TCO 模型要重写,水费、排污许可、夏季限电风险都要重新算。另外 100% 液冷意味着机柜功率密度拉到 100kW+,传统风冷机房直接无法兼容,存量数据中心改造窗口正在收窄。

意见分歧 35 条评论

核心争论:液冷取消耗水但热去哪了,废热利用与社区价值存分歧

nialse

Heat exchange is used instead of refrigerating the coolant. Makes sense. How do they manage the indoor climate for the humans working there though? Eventually everything will be at 45C in the building, will it not?

eqvinox

The heat exchange between that fluid and the ambient air isn't infinitely fast, if it's low enough they can just run "normal" A/C at low power for the humans. They just need to keep the heat in the fluid until it reaches… well… whatever heat dump there is. (cf. top-level post)

quickthrowman

> Heat exchange is used instead of refrigerating the coolant. There are some systems that pipe refrigerant around the building, but they’re relatively uncommon (VRF or variable refrigerant flow if you want more details). Glycol and water is cheaper than refrigerant so there’s usually a chilled water

替代方案: VRFvariable refrigerant flowchilled water loopglycol and waterheat pumpdistrict heating
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