互联网底层原理深度拆解
推荐指数 52.0 NO. 016 · 2026.07.12
发布2026/07/11Score191Comments57
为什么值得看
一篇从物理层到应用层逐层拆解互联网通信原理的长文，用光纤、电缆、无线电波的物理转换解释全球即时通信的实现路径。适合想补全网络协议栈认知盲区的工程师，尤其是只熟悉上层应用但对底层传输缺乏体感的人。
编辑判断
HN 评论区里几个老网工提到一个反直觉的点：现代光纤的带宽瓶颈其实不在玻璃本身，而在两端光电转换的激光器调制速率。这也是为什么共封装光学（CPO）成了数据中心的新战场，英伟达和博通都在押这个方向。
对做 AI infra 的读者来说，理解这个链条有个直接收益：当你部署跨国模型推理节点时，RTT 里到底有多少是光速极限、多少是队列延迟、多少是协议开销，决定了你该选专线还是公网、该用 QUIC 还是 TCP。这篇文章的物理层视角能帮你做更靠谱的延迟预算。
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I hate everything that uses ".. from first principles" with a passion. Almost as much as "technically true".
My own personal "pet peeve" cliche phrase is anything that is "literally" (except it's really figurative) something. So many people for so very long have used "literally" to mean the literal opposite of it's actual meaning. Even when they don't use it to mean it's actual opposite meaning, they'll
+1 usually a sign of midwit and mediocrity. not once I seen "first principles" blogs have any value.